Antioxidants

Antioxidants are compounds that protect cells in the body from damage caused by free radicals. Free radicals are highly reactive molecules with unpaired electrons, which can lead to oxidative stress and damage to cellular components such as DNA, proteins, and lipids. This damage is associated with various diseases and aging processes. Antioxidants neutralize free radicals by donating electrons, thereby reducing their harmful effects.

Types of Antioxidants: Antioxidants can be classified into two main categories: endogenous (produced by the body) and exogenous (obtained from external sources, mainly from the diet). Endogenous antioxidants include enzymes like superoxide dismutase and catalase, while exogenous antioxidants include vitamins (e.g., vitamin C and vitamin E), minerals (e.g., selenium and zinc), and various phytochemicals found in plant-based foods (e.g., flavonoids and carotenoids).